Озан

In The Book of Dede Korkut, the bard is called an ozan.

The title Oghuz-ndma denotes the legend going back to the eponymous hero Oghuz. The tales were transmitted by the ozans [q.v.] who recited and sang them to the accompaniment of the kopuz.

Оригинальный текст (англ.)[показатьскрыть]

The ozan – singers, narrators and players of the lute qopuz, keepers of the Turkic language and ethos, and bearers of Turkic culture – had a special spiritual authority among the oqhuz Turkic tribes. The most respected ones were called Dede (spiritual father), such as, for example, the famous ozan Dede Qorqud, Dede Abbas, Dede Yediyar, Dede Qasim, Dede Kerem. The ozan departure from the stage of history in the 17th century was due to a number of factors. The wide popularization of Islam with its supranational ideology among the Turks Oghuz, the spread of the Arabic language, literature and, in general, culture oriented to Islamic values, washed away the foundation of the ozan art and inevitably marginalized the ozan – the bearers of the Turkic culture – in the society. In a way, the historic contest between the venerable ozan Dede Yediyar and the young ashiq Dirili Qurbani that took place in Ganja in the 16th century and resulted in the victory of the ashiq can be taken as a metaphor for this shift. The heritage of the ancient ozan became the common foundation of the art of the Azeri, Turkmen, Kazakh, Uigur, Turkish and Uzbek folk singer-narrators.

Оригинальный текст (англ.)[показатьскрыть]

OZAN (t.), in Turkish society "troubadour poet/singer/story-teller". The term comes from the verb oz- "to outstrip, go ahead in the race" (see Clauson, Etymological dictionary of pre-thirteenth century Turkish, 279), already attested in Kashghari's [q. v. ] Diwan lughat al-turk (5th/llth century), as also in the living tongues of Kirgiz, Sagay and Koybol of Central Asia and in the Turkish of Anatolia. The term ozan was used for the singers who accompanied the army in Saldjuk times. An Anatolian Turkish poet of the 9th/15th century called himself Ozan. In Turkmen, the term is archaic and is replaced by bagsi "popular poet". In the Turkish of Turkey, from the 10th/16th century onwards it was replaced by c ashik (aşık). Nevertheless, in certain contemporary dialects of Anatolia, it has survived with the meaning "poet/singer", as also as an element of the terms ozanlama "assonantal sayings, proverbs", ozanci "garrulous person", ozanlik "pleasantry" and ozannama "improvised story, song". At the present day, in modern Turkish, it has replaced the Arabic term shair (şair).